Y’s Text
ツイート
IV 対象微生物による消毒薬の選択
IV 章 参考文献
- 1)
- 小林寛伊, 大久保憲, 尾家重治: 消毒薬. 小林寛伊編集.[新版]消毒と滅菌のガイドライン. へるす出版, 東京, 2011; 121-136.
- 2)
- 石塚紀元, 小林寛伊, 尾家重治: 消毒薬. 小林寛伊編集. 感染制御学. へるす出版, 東京, 1996; 125-156.
- 3)
- Favero MS, Bond WW: Chemical disinfection of medical and surgical materials. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins 2001; 881-917.
- 4)
- Widmer AF, Frei R: Decontamination, disinfection, and sterilization. In: Murray PR, et al. ed. Manual of clinical microbiology, 7th ed. Washington DC: ASM Press 1999; 138-164.
- 5)
- Rutala WA: APIC Guideline for selection and use of disinfectants, 1996. Am J InfectControl 1996; 24: 313-342.
- 6)
- CDC: Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. MMWR 2002; 51(RR-16): 1-45.
- 7)
- 大久保憲訳, 小林寛伊監訳. 医療現場における手指衛生のためのCDCガイドライン. メディカ出版, 大阪, 2003.
- 8)
- Larson EL: APIC Guideline for handwashing and hand antisepsis in health caresettings, 1995. Am J Infect Control 1995; 23: 251-269.
- 9)
- Prince HN, Prince DL: Principles of viral control and transmission. In: Block SS, ed.Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams& Wilkins 2001; 543-571.
- 10)
- Kobayashi H, Tsuzuki M, Koshimizu K, et al.: Susceptibility of hepatitis B virus todisinfectants or heat. J Clin Microbiol 1984; 20: 214-216.
- 11)
- Bond WW, Favero MS, Petersen NJ, et al.: Inactivation hepatitis B virus byintermediate- to-high-level disinfectant chemicals. J Clin Microbiol 1983; 18: 535-538.
- 12)
- Prince DL, Prince HN, Thraenhart O, et al.: Methodological approaches todisinfection of human hepatitis B virus. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31: 3296-3304.
- 13)
- Kobayashi H, Tsuzuki M, Hosobuchi K: Bactericidal effects of antiseptics and disinfectants against methicillin-resisitant Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Control HospEpidemiol 1989; 10: 562-564.
- 14)
- Bloomfield SF, Arthur M, Looney E, et al.: Comparative testing of disinfectant and antiseptic products using proposed European suspension testing methods. Lett ApplMicrobiol 1991; 13: 233-237.
- 15)
- Kahan A, Philippon A, Paul G, et al.: Nosocomial infections by chlorhexidine solution contaminated with Pseudomonas pickettii(Biovar VA-I). J Infect 1983; 7: 256-263.
- 16)
- Coyle-Gilchrist MM, Crewe P, Roberts G: Flavobacterium meningosepticum in thehospital environment. J Clin Path 1976; 29: 824-826.
- 17)
- Frank MJ, Schaffner W: Contaminated aqueous benzalkonium chloride. JAMA1976; 236: 2418-2419.
- 18)
- Oie S, Kamiya A: Microbial contamination of antiseptic-soaked cotton balls. BiolPharm Bull 1997; 20: 667-669.
- 19)
- Oie S, Kamiya A: Microbial contamination of antiseptics and disinfectants. Am JInfect Control 1996; 24: 389-395.
- 20)
- Nakashima AK, McCarthy MA, Martone WJ, et al.: Epidemic septic arthritis caused by Serratia marcescens and associated with a benzalkonium chloride antiseptic. J ClinMicrobiol 1987; 25: 1014-1018.
- 21)
- Oie S, Kamiya A: Bacterial contamination of commercially available ethacridinelactate(acrinol) products. J Hosp Infect 1996; 34: 51-58.
- 22)
- 太田伸, 長井克浩, 全田浩, 他: 各種消毒薬の殺真菌効果. 病院薬学 1992; 18: 343-348.
- 23)
- 高鳥浩介, 鈴木文子, 高橋淳子, 他: クレゾール, フェノールの殺真菌効果. J Antibact Antifung Agents1987; 15: 341-345.
- 24)
- 吉田製薬株式会社. 各種低級アルコール消毒剤によるウイルス不活化試験(社内資料). 1997.
- 25)
- 佐藤隆一, 和田英己, 滝沢真紀, 他: 各種アルコール系消毒薬の評価. 医学と薬学2003; 49: 713-724.
- 26)
- Rutala WA, Cole EC, Wannamaker NS, et al.: Inactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis by 14 hospital disinfectants. Am J Med 1991; (3B): 267S-271S.
- 27)
- 青野昭夫, 桑原龍児, 房野研, 他: 各種消毒薬の抗酸菌に対する殺菌効果と血液添加がそれに及ぼす影響. 基礎と臨床1997; 31: 2655-2666.
- 28)
- van Klingeren B, Pullen W: Glutaraldehyde resistant mycobacteria from endoscopewashers. J Hosp Infect 1993; 25: 147-149.
- 29)
- Wardle MD, Renninger GM: Bactericidal effect of hydrogen peroxide on spacecraftisolates. Appl Microbiol 1975; 30: 710-711.
- 30)
- Turner FJ: Hydrogen peroxide and other oxide disinfectants. In: Block SS, ed.Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1983; 240-250.
- 31)
- Mentel R, Schmidt J: Investigation on rhinovirus inactivation by hydrogen peroxide.Acta Virol 1973; 17: 351-354.
- 32)
- Martin LS, McDougal JS, Loskoski SL: Disinfection and inactivation of the human Tlymphotropic virus type Ⅲ/lymphadenopathy-associated virus. J Infect Dis 1985; 152: 400-403.
- 33)
- 加藤真吾, 平石佳之, 富永恵子, 他: プラーク法を用いた各種消毒剤によるHIV-1不活化の検討. 基礎と臨床 1996; 30: 3615-3620.
- 34)
- Kaplan JK, Crawford DC, Durno AG, et al.: Inactivation of human immunodeficiencyvirus by Betadine. Infect Cont 1987; 8: 412-414.
- 35)
- 川名林冶, 北村敬, 千葉峻三, 他: ポビドンヨード(PVP-I) によるウイルスの不活化に関する研究. 臨床とウイルス 1998; 26: 371-386.
- 36)
- Druce JD: Human immunodeficiency virus: disinfectant and control. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cottWilliams & Wilkins 2001; 573-584.
- 37)
- Thraenhart O, Jursch C: Measures for disinfection and control of viral hepatitis. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins 2001; 585-615.
- 38)
- Lauzardo M, Rubin J: Mycobacterial disinfection. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins2001; 513-528.
- 39)
- Russell AD: Chemical sporicidal and sporostatic agents. In: Block SS, ed.Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams& Wilkins 2001; 529-541.
- 40)
- Merianos JJ: Surface-active agents. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, andPreservation. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins 2001; 283-320.
- 41)
- Block SS: Surface-active agents: amphoteric compounds. In: Block SS, ed.Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1991; 263-273.
- 42)
- Denton GW: Chlorhexidine. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, andPreservation. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins 2001; 321-336.
- 43)
- Ali Y, Dolan MJ, Fendler EJ, Larson EL: Alcohols. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins2001; 229-253.
- 44)
- Gottardi W: Iodine and iodine compounds. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins 2001; 159-183.
- 45)
- Dychdala GR: Chlorine and Chlorine Compounds. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins2001; 135-157.
- 46)
- Goddard PA, McCue KA: Phenolic Compounds. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins2001; 255-281.
- 47)
- Scott EM, Gorman SP: Glutaraldehyde. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins 2001; 361-381.
48) Block SS: Peroxygen Compounds. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection,
- 48)
- Block SS: Peroxygen Compounds. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, andPreservation. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins 2001; 185-204.
- 49)
- Rossmoore HW: Nitrogen Compounds. In: Block SS, ed. Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippin-cott Williams & Wilkins 2001; 383-413.
- 50)
- Thamlikitkul V, Trakulsomboon S, Louisirirotchanakul S, et al.: Microbial killingactivity of peracetic acid. J Med Assoc Thai 2001; 84: 1375-1382.
- 51)
- ジョンソン・エンド・ジョンソン株式会社. ディスオーパ消毒液0.55%医薬品インタビューフォーム. 2010年7月改訂.
- 52)
- 吉田製薬株式会社. アクリノールの真菌に対する作用(社内資料). 1999.
- 53)
- Ito K, Kajiura T, Abe K: Effect of ethanol on antigenicity of hepatitis B virusenvelope proteins. Jpn J Infect Dis 2002; 55: 117-121.
- 54)
- Jursch CA, Gerlich WH, Glebe D, et al: Molecular approaches to validate disinfectantsagainst human hepatitis B virus. Med Microbiol Immunol(Berl) 2002; 190: 189-197.
- 55)
- 山口惠三, 松本哲哉: グラム陽性菌. 小林寛伊編集. 感染制御学. へるす出版, 東京, 1996; 41-45.
- 56)
- Lowy FD: Staphylococcus aureus infections. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 520-532.
- 57)
- 山口高広, 吉田勇, 伊藤喜久, 他. 各種抗菌薬に対する2006年臨床分離好気性グラム陽性球菌および嫌気性菌の感受性サーベイランス. Jpn J Antibiotics 2010; 63: 431-456.
- 58)
- Hiramatsu K, CDC: Reduced susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus to vancomycin -Japan, 1996. MMWR 1997; 46: 624-626.
- 59)
- CDC: Interim guidelines for prevention and control of staphylococcal infectionsassociated with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. MMWR 1997; 46: 626-628, 635.
- 60)
- Sievert DM, Boulton ML, Stoltmanet G, et al.: Staphylococcus aureus resistant tovancomycin – United States, 2002. MMWR 2002; 51: 565-567.
- 61)
- Noble WC, Virani Z, Cree RG: Co-transfer of vancomycin and other resistance genes from Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 12201 to Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS MicrobiolLett 1992; 93; 195-198.
- 62)
- Brown MH, Skurray RA: Staphylococcal multidrug efflux protein QacA. J MolMicrobiol Biotechnol 2001; 3: 163-170
- 63)
- Paulsen IT, Brown MB, Skurray RA: Proton-Dependent Multidrug Efflux Systems.Microbiol Rev 1996; 60: 575-608.
- 64)
- 笹津備規: 黄色ブドウ球菌の消毒剤耐性. 日本細菌学雑誌 1996; 51: 755-765.
- 65)
- Russell AD: Introduction of biocides into clinical practice and the impact onantibiotic-resistant bacteria. J Appl Microbiol 2002; 92 Suppl: 121S-135S.
- 66)
- Shiraishi T, Nakagawa Y: Review of disinfectant susceptibility of bacteria isolated inhospital to commonly used disinfectants. Postgrad Med J 1993; 69 Suppl 3: S70-77.
- 67)
- Noguchi N, Hase M, Kitta M, et al: Antiseptic susceptibility and distribution of antiseptic-resistance genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. FEMSMicrobiol Lett 1999; 172: 247-253.
- 68)
- 辻明良, 山崎智子, 李秀華: バイオフィルム形成Staphylococcus aureusおよび Pseudomonas aeruginosaに対する消毒薬の殺菌効果と作用温度による影響. 環境感染1998; 13: 1-4.
- 69)
- CDC: Management of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms In Healthcare Settings, 2006.
- 70)
- Ayliffe GAJ, Collins BJ, Lowbury EJL: Ward floors and other surfaces as reservoirsof hospital infection. J Hyg Camb 1967; 65: 515-537.
- 71)
- Oie S, Kamiya A: Survival of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) on naturally contaminated dry mops. J Hosp Infect 1996; 34: 145-149.
- 72)
- Rutala WA, Stiegel MM, Sarubbi FA, et al.: Susceptibility of antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant hospital bacteria to disinfectants. Infect Control HospEpidemiol 1997; 18: 417-421.
- 73)
- Suller MTE, Russell AD: Antibiotic and biocide resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus. J Hosp Infect 1999; 43: 281-291.
- 74)
- Sehulster LM, Anderson RL: Susceptibility of glycopeptide-intermediate resistant Staphylococcus aureus(GISA) to surface disinfectants, hand washing chemicals, and a skin antiseptic. Abstract Y-3. 98th General Meeting of American Society forMicrobiology, May, 1998: 547.
- 75)
- Kajiura T, Wada H, Itoh K, et al.: Effect of antiseptics and disinfectants on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. Abstract P.9.2.9. Fourth International Conference of the Hospital Infection Society, September1998. J Hosp Infect 1998; 40(SA) : P.9.2.9.
- 76)
- 尾家重治, 神谷晃: メチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌(MRSA) に対する温水の効果. 環境感染1993; 8: 11-14.
- 77)
- Payne DN, Babb JR, Bradley CR: An evaluation of the suitability of the European suspension test to reflect in vitro activity of antiseptics against clinically significantorganisms. Lett Appl Microbiol 1999; 28: 7-12.
- 78)
- Kloos WE, Bannerman TL: Update on clinical significance of coagulase-negativestaphylococci. Clin Microbiol Rev 1994; 7: 117-140.
- 79)
- Schwalbe RS, Stapleton JT, Gilligan PH: Emergence of vancomycin resistance incoagulase-negative staphylococci. N Engl J Med 1987; 316: 927-931.
- 80)
- Biavasco F, Vignaroli C, Varaldo PE: Glycopeptide resistance in coagulase-negativestaphylococci. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2000; 19: 403-417.
- 81)
- Garrett DO, Jochimsen E, Murfitt K, et al.: The emergence of decreased susceptibility to vancomycin in Staphylococcus epidermidis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1999; 20: 167-170.
- 82)
- 谷村久美, 大久保憲: 血管内留置カテーテル挿入部位の皮膚消毒に関する検討. 環境感染2010; 25: 281-285.
- 83)
- Maki DG, Ringer M, Alvarado CJ: Prospective randomized trial of povidone-iodine, alcohol, and chlorhexidine for prevention of infection associated with central venousand arterial catheters. Lancet 1991; 338: 339-343.
- 84)
- Appelbaum PC: Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: an overview. Clin Infect Dis 1992; 15: 77-83.
- 85)
- 紺野昌俊, 生方公子, ペニシリン耐性肺炎球菌研究会: ペニシリン耐性肺炎球菌, 改訂版. 協和企画通信, 東京, 1999.
- 86)
- Murray BE: Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcal Infections. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 710-721.
- 87)
- Arthur M, Courvalin P: Genetics and mechanisms of glycopeptide resistance inenterococci. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993; 37: 1563-1571.
- 88)
- Noskin GA, Stosor V, Cooper I, et al.: Recovery of vancomycin-resistant enterococcion fingertips and environmental surfaces. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1995; 16: 577-581.
- 89)
- Anderson RL, Carr JH, Bond WW, et al.: Susceptibility of vancomycin-resistantenterococci to environmental disinfectants. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1997; 18: 195-199.
- 90)
- Kampf G, Hofer M, Wendt C: Efficacy of hand disinfectants against vancomycin-resistant enterococci in vitro. J Hosp Infect 1999; 42: 143-150.
- 91)
- Kajiura T, Wada H, Takahashi K, et al.: Evaluation of chemical disinfectants and antiseptics against clinical isolates enterococci according to EN1276. Abstract P.7.11 Fifth International Conference of the Hospital Infection Society, September 15-18, 2002.
- 92)
- 清水正樹, 荒明美奈子, 前橋一紀, 他: 尿および糞便検体からの分離菌に対する消毒薬のin vitro有効性. 薬理と治療 2003; 31; 429-433.
- 93)
- Bradley CR, Fraise AP: Heat and chemical resistance of enterococci. J Hosp Infect1996; 34: 191-196.
- 94)
- 山口惠三, 舘田一博: グラム陰性菌. 小林寛伊編集. 感染制御学. へるす出版, 東京, 1996; 46-51.
- 95)
- Do AN, Ray BJ, Banerjee SN, et al.: Bloodstream infection associated with needleless device use and the importance of infection-control practices in the home health caresetting. J Infect Dis 1999; 179: 442-448.
- 96)
- 笹津備規: 細菌の消毒剤耐性. 中野昌康編集, 医学微生物学の最先端. 菜根出版, 東京, 1997; 173-180.
- 97)
- 坂上吉一: 医療廃棄物としての殺菌消毒剤の環境細菌特にPseudomonas属および黄色ブドウ球菌に及ぼす影響. J Antibact Antifung Agents 1991; 19: 589-596.
- 98)
- Russell AD, Day MJ: Antibacterial activity of chlorhexidine. J Hosp Infect 1993; 25: 229-238.
- 99)
- Hancock RE: Resistance mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and othernonfermentative gram-negative bacteria. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27 Suppl 1: S93-99.
- 100)
- Bodey GP, Bolivar R, Fainstein V, et al.: Infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Rev Infect Dis 1983; 5: 279-313.
- 101)
- Quinn JP: Clinical problems posed by multi-resistant nonfermenting gram-negativepathogens. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27 Suppl 1: S117-124.
- 102)
- Minami S, Akama M, Araki H, et al.: Imipenem and cephem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa carrying plasmids coding for class B beta-lactamase. J AntimicrobChemother 1996; 37: 433-444.
- 103)
- Jones AM, Dodd ME, Webb AK: Burkholderia cepacia: current clinical issues, environmental controversies and ethical dilemmas. Eur Respir J 2001; 17: 295-301.
- 104)
- 尾家重治, 弘長恭三, 神代昭, 他: 医薬品の微生物汚染と院内感染. 薬局1989; 40: 1315-1318.
- 105)
- Bergogne-Berezin E, Towner KJ: Acinetobacter spp. as nosocomial pathogens: microbiological, clinical, and epidemiological features. Clin Microbiol Rev 1996; 9: 148-165.
- 106)
- Denton M, Kerr KG: Microbiological and clinical aspects of infection associated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Clin Microbiol Rev 1998; 11: 57-80.
- 107)
- Wishart MM, Riley TV: Infection with Pseudomonas maltophilia hospital outbreakdue to contaminated disinfectant. Med J Aust 1976; 2: 710-712.
- 108)
- Pokrywka M, Viazanko K, Medvick J, et al.: A Flavobacterium meningosepticum outbreak among intensive care patients. Am J Infect Control 1993; 21: 139-145.
- 109)
- Schoch PE, Cunha BA: Nosocomial Achromobacter xylosoxidans infections. InfectControl Hosp Epidemiol 1988; 9: 84-87.
- 110)
- Fields BS, Benson RF, Besser RE: Legionella and Legionnaires’disease: 25 years ofinvestigation. Clin Microbiol Rev 2002; 15: 506-526.
- 111)
- 青山透, 堀弘, 他: 24時間循環風呂のレジオネラ汚染とその感染防止対策. 感染症学雑誌 1997; 71: 763-769.
- 112)
- 塩田量子, 武下公子, 山本公, 他: 温泉浴槽内溺水後の肺炎患者から検出された Legionella pneumophila SG3について. 感染症学雑誌1995; 69: 1356-1364.
- 113)
- 厚生省生活衛生局長.建築物等におけるレジオネラ症防止対策について. 生衛発第1679 号 平成11年11月26日.1999.
- 114)
- CDC: Guidelines for Preventing Health-Care-Associated Pneumonia, 2003. MMWR2004; 53(RR3) : 1-36.
- 115)
- 小林寛伊, 都築正和: Legionella pneumophilaの紫外線, 消毒剤及び熱に対する感受性について. 感染症学雑誌1986; 60: 949-950.
- 116)
- Pitout JD, Sanders CC, Sanders WE Jr: Antimicrobial resistance with focus on beta-lactam resistance in gram-negative bacilli. Am J Med 1997; 103: 51-59.
- 117)
- Arakawa Y, Ike Y, Nagasawa M, et al.: Trends in Antimicrobial-Drug Resistance inJapan. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2000; 6: 572-575.
- 118)
- Kumarasamy KK, Toleman MA, Walsh TR, et al: Emergence of a new antibioticresistance mechanism in India, Pakistan, and the UK: a molecular, biological, andepidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis 2010; 10: 597-602.
- 119)
- 厚生労働省健康局結核感染症課長. ニューデリー・メタロ-β-ラクタマーゼ1(NDM-1) 産生多剤耐性菌について. 事務連絡 平成22年8月18日.
- 120)
- Clarke SC, Haigh RD, Freestone PP, et al.: Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection: history and clinical aspects. Br J Biomed Sci 2002; 59: 123-127.
- 121)
- Podschun R, Ullmann U: Klebsiella spp. as nosocomial pathogens: epidemiology, taxonomy, typing methods, and pathogenicity factors. Clin Microbiol Rev 1998; 11: 589-603.
- 122)
- Sanders WE Jr, Sanders CC: Enterobacter spp.: pathogens poised to flourish at theturn of the century. Clin Microbiol Rev 1997; 10: 220-241.
- 123)
- Verweij PE, Van Belkum A, Melchers WJ, et al.: Interrepeat fingerprinting of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolated during an outbreakin a neonatal intensive care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1995; 16: 25-29.
- 124)
- Hejazi A, Falkiner FR: Serratia marcescens.J Med Microbiol 1997; 46: 903-912.
- 125)
- Ito H, Arakawa Y, Ohsuka S, et al: Plasmid-mediated dissemination of the metallo-beta-lactamase gene blaIMP among clinically isolated strains of Serratia marcescens.Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39: 824-829.
- 126)
- 堺市保健福祉局保健衛生部保健所保健医療課編集. セラチアによる院内感染事例報告. 2000.
- 127)
- 東京都衛生局医療福祉部結核感染症課編集. 東京都不明疾患調査班報告書. 2000.
- 128)
- 世田谷区. セラチア院内感染事故対策報告書 平成14年5月.2002.
- 129)
- Rozalski A, Sidorczyk Z, Kotelko K: Potential virulence factors of Proteus bacilli.Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 1997; 61: 65-89.
- 130)
- Lipsky BA, Hook EW 3rd, Smith AA, et al.: Citrobacter infections in humans: experience at the Seattle Veterans Administration Medical Center and a review ofthe literature. Rev Infect Dis 1980; 2: 746-760.
- 131)
- 菅野治重: 真菌. 小林寛伊編集. 感染制御学. へるす出版, 東京, 1996; 55-57.
- 132)
- 大久保憲: 真菌による院内感染. 内科1992; 70: 625-631.
- 133)
- Pfaller MA: Nosocomial candidiasis: emerging species, reservoirs, and modes oftransmission. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 22 Suppl 2: S89-94.
- 134)
- Kwon-Chung KJ, Sorrell TC, Dromer F, et al.: Cryptococcosis: clinical and biologicalaspects. Med Mycol 2000; 38 Suppl 1: 205-213.
- 135)
- Bulmer GS: Twenty-five years with Cryptococcus neoformans. Mycopathologia1990; 109: 111-122.
- 136)
- Rustan ME, Rubinstein HR, Siciliano C, et al.: Possibility of in-hospital infection byCryptococcus neoformans in patient with AIDS. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1992; 34: 383-387.
- 137)
- Zuger A, Louie E, Holzman RS, et al.: Cryptococcal disease in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome – Diagnostic features and outcome of treatment.Ann Intern Med 1986; 104: 234-240.
- 138)
- CDC: Guidelines for Preventing Opportunistic Infections Among Hematopoietic StemCell Transplant Recipients, . MMWR 2000; 49(RR10) : 1-128.
- 139)
- 矢野邦夫訳. 造血幹細胞移植患者の日和見感染予防のためのCDCガイドライン. メディカ出版, 東京, 2001.
- 140)
- Loo VG, Bertrand C, Dixon C, et al.: Control of construction-associated nosocomialaspergillosis in an antiquated hematology unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1996; 17: 360-364.
- 141)
- VandenBergh MF, Verweij PE, Voss A: Epidemiology of nosocomial fungalinfections: invasive aspergillosis and the environment. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis1999; 34: 221-227.
- 142)
- Sherertz RJ, Belani A, Kramer BS: Impact of air filtration on nosocomial AspergillusInfections. Unique risk of bone marrow transplant recipients. Am J Med 1987; 83: 709-718.
- 143)
- 一山智: 患者環境の清潔管理(リネン類を含む).小林寛伊, 吉倉廣, 荒川宜親編集. エ ビデンスに基づいた感染制御(改訂2版)―第1集―基礎編. メヂカルフレンド社, 東京, 2003; 71-80.
- 144)
- Eucker J, Sezer O, Graf B, et al.: Mucormycoses. Mycoses 2001; 44: 253-260.
- 145)
- Martin ES, Elewski BE: Cutaneous fungal infections in the elderly. Clin Geriatr Med2002; 18: 59-75.
- 146)
- Small PM, Fujiwara PI: Management of Tuberculosis in the United States. N Engl JMed 2001; 345: 189-200.
- 147)
- CDC: Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis inHealth-Care Settings, 2005. MMWR 2005; 54: RR17: 1-141.
- 148)
- CDC, HICPAC: Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control in Health-CareFacilities. MMWR 2003; 52(RR-10).
- 149)
- 倉辻忠俊, 切替照雄訳, 小林寛伊監訳. 医療保健施設における環境感染制御のためのCDCガイドライン. メディカ出版, 大阪, 2004.
- 150)
- Nelson KE, Larson PA, Schraufnagel DE, et al.: Transmission of tuberculosis by fiberbronchoscopes. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 127: 97-100.
- 151)
- Leers WD: Disinfection Endoscopes: how not to transmit Mycobacterium tuberculosisby bronchoscopy. Can Med Assoc J 1980; 123: 275-283.
- 152)
- Southwich KL, Hoffmann K, Ferree K, et al.: Cluster of tuberculosis cases in NorthCarolina: Possible association with atomizer reuse. Am J Infect Control 2001; 29: 1-6.
- 154)
- Phillips MS, von Reyn CF: Nosocomial infections due to nontuberculousmycobacteria. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33: 1363-1374.
- 155)
- 賀来満夫: ウイルス. 小林寛伊編集. 感染制御学. へるす出版, 東京, 1996; 62-72.
- 156)
- 永井勲: 血中ウイルス感染症. 小林寛伊編集. 感染制御学. へるす出版, 東京, 1996; 414-424.
- 157)
- 小林寛伊, 大久保憲, 尾家重治: 対象疾患別消毒法. 小林寛伊編集.[新版]消毒と滅菌のガイドライン. へるす出版, 東京, 2011; 44-120.
- 158)
- Alfa MJ, Sitter DL: In-hospital evaluation of orthophthalaldehyde as a high leveldisinfectant for flexible endoscopes. J Hosp Infect 1994; 26: 15-26.
- 159)
- 大久保憲: 感染症の予防 血中ウイルスの消毒―熱消毒を含む―. Infection Control 1996; 5: 488-492.
- 160)
- 厚生労働省. 肝炎対策に関する有識者会議報告書 平成13年3月30日.2001.
- 161)
- Lee WM: Hepatitis B Virus Infection. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 1733-1745.
- 162)
- 厚生労働省: B型肝炎について(一般的なQ&A).平成20年4月改訂(改訂第3版).
- 163)
- Komiya Y, Katayama K, Yugi H, et al.: Minimum infectious dose of hepatitis B virus in chimpanzees and difference in the dynamics of viremia between genotype A andgenotype C. Transfusion 2008; 48: 286-294.
- 164)
- 小林寛伊, 都築正和, 織田敏次, 他: B型肝炎ウイルスの不活性化. 医器学1980; 50: 524-525.
- 165)
- Lauer GM, Walker BD: Hepatitis C Virus Infection. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 41-52.
- 166)
- 厚生労働省: C型肝炎について(Q&A).平成20年4月改訂(改訂第7版).
- 167)
- Katayama K, Kumagai J, Komiya Y, et al.: Titration of hepatitis C virus in chimpanzees for determining the copy number required for transmission.Intervirology 2004; 47: 57-64.
- 168)
- Resnick L, Veren K, Salahuddin SZ, et al.: Stability and inactivation of HTLV-III/LAVunder clinical and laboratory environments. JAMA 1986; 255: 1887-1891.
- 169)
- Harbison MA, Hammer SM: Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus byBetadine products and chlorhexidine. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1989; 2: 16-20.
- 170)
- Satter SA, Springthorpe VS: Survival and disinfectant inactivation of the humanimmunodeficiency virus: a critical review. Rev Infect Dis 1991; 13: 430-447.
- 171)
- WHO: WHO AIDS Series, No.2. Guidelines on Sterilization and High-LevelDisinfection Methods Effective Against Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV), Second edition.1989; 1-15.
- 172)
- 吉田美香, 松岡雅雄: 成人T細胞白血病/リンパ腫. 日本臨床2001; 59 Suppl 7: 548-556.
- 173)
- Siegel JD, HICPAC: 2007 Guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings, 2007.
- 174)
- 矢野邦夫, 向野賢治訳・編.医療現場における隔離予防策のためのCDCガイドライン. メディカ出版, 大阪, 2007.
- 175)
- 野田伸司, 渡辺実, 山田不二造, 他: アルコール類のウイルス不活化作用に関する研究―ウイルスに対する各種アルコールの不活化効果について. 感染症学雑誌 1981; 55: 355-366.
- 176)
- Platt J, Bucknall RA: The disinfection of respiratory syncytial virus by isopropanoland a chlorhexidine-detergent handwash. J Hosp Infect 1985; 6: 89-94.
- 177)
- Mbithi JN, Springthorpe VS, Sattar SA: Chemical disinfection of hepatitis A virus onenvironmental surfaces. Appl Environ Microbiol 1990; 56: 3601-3604.
- 178)
- Doultree JC, Druce JD, Birch CJ, et al.: Inactivation of feline calicivirus, a Norwalk virus surrogate. J Hosp Infect 1999; 41: 51-57.
- 179)
- Chadwick PR, Beards G, Brown D, et al.: Management of hospital outbreaks of gastro-enteritis due to small round structured viruses. J Hosp Infect 2000; 45: 1-10.
- 180)
- 清水優子, 牛島廣治, 北島正章, 他: ヒトノロウイルスの代替としてマウスノロウイルスを用いた消毒薬による不活化効果. 環境感染2009; 24: 388-394.
- 181)
- Belliot G, Lavaux A, Souihel D, et al.: Use of murine norovirus as a surrogate to evaluate resistance of human norovirus to disinfectants. Appl Environ Microbiol2008; 74: 3315-3318.
- 182)
- Magulski T, Paulmann D, Bischoff B, et al.: Inactivation of murine norovirus bychemical biocides on stainless steel. BMC Infect Dis 2009; 9: 107.
- 183)
- Abad FX, Pinto RM, Bosch A: Disinfection of human enteric viruses on fomites.FEMS Microbiol Lett 1997; 156: 107-111.
- 184)
- Sattar SA, Raphael RA, Lochnan H, et al.: Rotavirus inactivation by chemicaldisinfectants and antiseptics used in hospitals. Can J Microbiol 1983; 29: 1464-1469.
- 185)
- Mbithi JN, Springthorpe VS, Sattar SA: Comparative in vivo efficiencies of hand-washing agents against hepatitis A virus(HM-175) and poliovirus type 1(Sabin). Appl Environ Microbiol 1993; 59: 3463-3469.
- 186)
- Richard V, Van der Auwera P, Snoeck R, et al.: Nosocomial bacteremia caused by Bacillus species. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1988; 7: 783-785.
- 187)
- Carretto E, Barbarini D, Poletti F, et al.: Bacillus cereus fatal bacteremia and apparent association with nosocomial transmission in an intensive care unit. Scand JInfect Dis 2000; 32: 98-100.
- 188)
- 菅野治重: 嫌気性菌. 小林寛伊編集. 感染制御学. へるす出版, 東京, 1996; 52-54.
- 189)
- Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT: Clostridium difficile Colitis. N Engl J Med1994; 330: 257-262.
- 190)
- Walsh SE, Mailard JY, Russell AD: Ortho-phthalaldehyde: a possible alternative toglutaraldehyde for high level disinfection. J Applied Microbiology 1999; 84: 1039-1046.
- 191)
- Kaatz GW, Gitlin SD, Schaberg DR: Acquisition of Clostridium difficile from thehospital environment. Am J Epidemiol 1988; 127: 1289-1294.
- 192)
- Johnson RT, Gibbs CJ: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Related TransmissibleSpongiform Encephalopathies. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 1994-2004.
- 193)
- Cousens SN, Zeidler M, Esmonde TF, et al.: Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in theUnited Kingdom: analysis of epidemiological surveillance data for 1970-96. BMJ1997; 315: 389-395.
- 194)
- Bernoulli C, Siegfried J, Baumgartner G, et al.: Danger of accidental person-to-persontransmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by surgery. Lancet 1977; 1: 478-479.
- 195)
- Rutala WA, Weber DJ: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: recommendations for disinfectionand sterilization. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32: 1348-1356.
- 196)
- Tateishi J, Tashima T, Kitamoto T: Practical methods for chemical inactivation ofCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease pathogen. Microbiol Immunol 1991; 35: 163-166.
- 197)
- プリオン病及び遅発性ウイルス感染症に関する調査研究班: プリオン病感染予防ガイドライン(2008年版).
- 198)
- World Health Organization Department of Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response. WHO Infection Control Guidelines for Transmissible SpongiformEncephalopathies: Report of a WHO Consultation. Geneva, Switzerland, 23-26 March 1999.
- 199)
- 日本医師会感染症危機管理対策室・厚生省保健医療局結核感染症課監修, 感染症の診断・治療研究会編集. 感染症の診断・治療ガイドライン. 医学書院, 東京, 1999.
- 200)
- 日本病院薬剤師会監修, 日本病院薬剤師会感染制御専門薬剤師部門研修委員会編集. 薬剤師のための感染制御マニュアル第2版. 薬事日報, 東京, 2008; 3-4.
- 201)
- 吉倉廣, 切替照雄: 1類感染症の院内感染対策および感染症法に関わる届出等の概要. 小林寛伊, 吉倉廣, 荒川宜親編集. エビデンスに基づいた感染制御(改訂2版)―第1集―基礎編. メヂカルフレンド社, 東京, 2003; 110-143.
- 202)
- 切替照雄: 2~4類感染症の院内感染対策. 小林寛伊, 吉倉廣, 荒川宜親編集. エビデンスに基づいた感染制御―第2集―実践編. メヂカルフレンド社, 東京, 2003; 24-39.
- 203)
- 小林寛伊, 大久保憲, 尾家重治: 感染症法とガイドライン. 小林寛伊編集.[新版]消毒と滅菌のガイドライン. へるす出版, 東京, 2011; 2-6.
- 204)
- 小林寛伊, 大久保憲, 尾家重治: 対象疾患別消毒法. 小林寛伊編集.[新版]消毒と滅菌のガイドライン. へるす出版, 東京, 2011; 44-120.
- 205)
- 山西弘一, 平松啓一編. 標準微生物学 第8版. 医学書院, 東京, 2002.
- 206)
- 東京都新たな感染症対策委員会監修, 東京都衛生局医療福祉部結核感染症課編集. 東京都感染症マニュアル改訂版. 2000.
- 207)
- Murray PR, Baron EJ, Pfaller MA, et al., eds. Manual of Clinical Microbiology 7th ed.Washington DC: ASM Press 1999.
- 208)
- 吉田眞一, 柳雄介編. 戸田新細菌学, 改訂32版. 南山堂, 東京, 2002.
- 209)
- Isaacson M: Viral hemorrhagic fever hazards for travelers in Africa. Clin Infect Dis2001; 33: 1707-1712.
- 210)
- Charrel RN, de Lamballerie X: Arenaviruses other than Lassa virus. Antiviral Res2003; 57: 89-100.
- 211)
- Carballal G, Videla CM, Merani MS: Epidemiology of Argentine hemorrhagic fever.Eur J Epidemiol 1988; 4: 259-274.
- 212)
- CDC: Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever -El Beni Department, Bolivia, 1994. MMWR1994; 43: 943-946.
- 213)
- de Manzione N, Salas RA, Paredes H, et al.: Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever: clinicaland epidemiological studies of 165 cases. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26: 308-313.
- 214)
- Salas R, de Manzione N, Tesh RB, et al.: Venezuelan haemorrhagic fever. Lancet1991; 338: 1033-1036.
- 215)
- Lisieux T, Coimbra M, Nassar ES, et al.: New arenavirus isolated in Brazil. Lancet1994; 343: 391-392.
- 216)
- APIC Bioterrorism Task Force, CDC Hospital Infections Program BioterrorismWorking Group: Bioterrorism Readiness Plan: A Template for Healthcare Facilities. 1999.
- 217)
- Breman JG, Henderson DA: Diagnosis and management of smallpox. N Engl J Med2002; 346: 1300-1308.
- 219)
- Ksiazek TG, Erdman D, Goldsmith C, et al.: A novel coronavirus associated withsevere acute respiratory syndrome. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1953-1966.
- 220)
- Tsang KW, Ho PL, Ooi GC, et al.: A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratorysyndrome in Hong Kong. N Engl J Med 2003: 348; 1977-1985.
- 221)
- Donnelly CA, Ghani AC, Leung GM, et al.: Epidemiological determinants of spread ofcausal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. Lancet 2003; 361: 1761-1766.
- 222)
- WHO: Consensus document on the epidemiology of severe acute respiratorysyndrome(SARS). WHO internet publication on October 17, 2003.
- 223)
- Seto WH, Tsang D, Yung RWH, et al.: Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratorysyndrome(SARS). Lancet 2003; 361: 1519-1520.
- 224)
- Saknimit M, Inatsuki I, Sugiyama Y, et al.: Virucidal efficacy of physico-chemical treatments against coronaviruses and parvoviruses of laboratory animals. JikkenDobutsu 1988; 37: 341-345.
- 225)
- Sattar SA, Springthorpe VS, Karim Y, et al.: Chemical disinfection of non-porous inanimate surfaces experimentally contaminated with four human pathogenic viruses.Epidemiol Infect 1989; 102: 493-505.
- 227)
- 厚生労働省医薬局安全対策課長. 原因不明の「重症急性呼吸器症候群」による院内感染防止対策の徹底について, 医薬安発第0509001号, 平成15年5月9日. 2003.
- 229)
- WHO: Aide-Memoire-Infection control recommendations for avian influenza in health-care facilities. WHO internet publication on April 2008.
- 230)
- DuPont HL, Hornick RB, Snyder JM, et al.: Immunity in shigellosis. Ⅱ. Protectioninduced by oral live vaccine or primary infection. J Infect Dis 1972; 125: 12-16.
- 231)
- Keene We, McAnulty JM, Hoesly FC, et al.: A swimming-associated outbreak of hemorrhagic colitis caused by Escherichia coli O157: H7 and Shigella sonnei. N Eng JMed 1994; 331: 579-584.
- 232)
- Mead PS, Griffin PM: Escherichia coli O157: H7. Lancet 1998; 352: 1207-1212.
- 233)
- Oie S, Kamiya A, Tomita M, et al.: Efficacy of disinfectants and heat against Escherichia coliO157: H7. Microbios 1999; 98: 7-14.
- 234)
- Hornick RB, Greisman SE, Woodward TE, et al.: Typhoid fever: pathogenesis and immunologic control. N Engl J Med 1970; 283: 686-691.
- 235)
- Skidmore S: Overview of Hepatitis E Virus. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2002; 4: 118-123.
- 236)
- Nash D, Mostashari F, Fine A, et al.: The outbreak of West Nile virus infection in theNew York City area in 1999. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 1802-1814.
- 237)
- CDC: Public Health Dispatch: Investigations of West Nile Virus Infections inRecipients of Blood Transfusions. MMWR 2002; 51: 973-974.
- 238)
- CDC: Intrauterine West Nile Virus Infection -New York, 2002. MMWR 2002; 51: 1135-1136.
- 239)
- CDC: Laboratory-Acquired West Nile Virus Infections -United States, 2002. MMWR2002; 51: 1133-1135.
- 240)
- Cuthbert JA: Hepatitis A: old and new. Clin Microbiol Rev 2001; 14: 38-58.
- 241)
- Goodman RA, Carder CC, Allen JR, et al.: Nosocomial hepatitis A transmission by anadult patient with diarrhea. Am J Med 1982; 73: 220-226.
- 242)
- Charrel RN, Attoui H, Butenko AM, et al.: Tick-borne virus diseases of humaninterest in Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect 2004; 10: 1040-1055.
- 243)
- Ruzek D, Yakimenko VV, Karan LS, et al.: Omsk haemorrhagic fever. Lancet 2010; 376: 2104-2113.
- 244)
- Pattnaik P: Kyasanur forest disease: an epidemiological view in India. Rev MedVirol 2006; 16: 151-165.
- 245)
- Weber DJ, Rutala WA: Risks and prevention of nosocomial transmission of rarezoonotic diseases. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32: 446-456.
- 246)
- Heymann DL, Szczeniowski M, Esteves K: Re-emergence of monkeypox in Africa: areview of the past six years. Br Med Bull 1998; 54: 693-702.
- 247)
- CDC: Multistate Outbreak of Monkeypox -Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin, 2003.MMWR 2003; 52: 537-540.
- 248)
- CDC: Updated Interim Infection Control and Exposure Management Guidance in the Health-Care and Community Setting for Patients with Possible Monkeypox Virus Infection. Internet publication on July 18, 2003.
- 249)
- Simmons JH, Riley LK: Hantaviruses: an overview. Comp Med 2002; 52: 97-110.
- 250)
- Calisher CH: Medically important arboviruses of the United States and Canada. ClinMicrobiol Rev 1994; 7: 89-116.
- 251)
- Gunther G, Haglund M: Tick-borne encephalopathies: epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. CNS Drugs 2005; 19: 1009-1032.
- 252)
- Takashima I, Morita K, Chiba M, et al.: A case of tick-borne encephalitis in Japan andisolation of the virus. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35: 1943-1947.
- 253)
- Charrel RN, de Lamballerie X, Raoult D: Chikungunya Outbreaks-The Globalizationof Vectorborne Disease. N Engl Med 2007; 356: 769-771.
- 254)
- 厚生労働省健康局結核感染症課長通知: 感染症の予防及び感染症の患者に対する医療に関する法律第12条第1項及び第14条第2項に基づく届出の基準等の一部改正について(健感発0114第1号), 平成23年1月14日.
- 255)
- Bandy U, Donnelly E: Diseases of summer: EEE and Lyme disease. R I Med 1994; 77: 330-331.
- 256)
- Capua I, Alexander DJ: Avian influenza and human health. Acta Trop 2002; 83: 1-6.
- 258)
- Chua KB: Nipah virus outbreak in Malaysia. J Clin Virol 2003; 26: 265-275.
- 259)
- Weaver SC, Ferro C, Barrera R, et al.: Venezuelan equine encephalitis. Annu RevEntomol 2004; 49: 141-174.
- 260)
- McCormack JG: Hendra and Nipah viruses: new zoonotically-acquired humanpathogens. Respir Care Clin N Am 2005; 11: 59-66.
- 261)
- Eaton BT, Broder CC, Wang LF: Hendra and Nipah viruses: pathogenesis andtherapeutics. Curr Mol Med 2005; 5: 805-816.
- 262)
- Hanna JN, McBride WJ, Brookes DL, et al.: Hendra virus infection in a veterinarian.Med J Aust 2006; 185: 562-564.
- 263)
- McColl KA, Tordo N, Aguilar Setien AA: Bat lyssavirus infections. Rev Sci Tech2000; 19: 177-196.
- 264)
- Flick R, Bouloy M: Rift Valley fever virus. Curr Mol Med 2005; 5: 827-834.
- 266)
- CDC: Immunization of Health-Care Workers -Recommendations of the AdvisoryCommittee on Immunization Practices(ACIP) and the Hospital Infection ControlPractices Advisory Committee(HICPAC). MMWR 1997; 46(RR-18) : 1-44.
- 267)
- Greaves WL, Orenstein WA, Stetler HC, et al.: Prevention of rubella transmission in medical facilities. JAMA 1982; 248: 861-864.
- 268)
- Biellik RJ, Clements CJ: Strategies for minimizing nosocomial measles transmission.Bull World Health Organ 1997; 75: 367-375.
- 269)
- Leclair JM, Freeman J, Sullivan BF, et al.: Prevention of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections through compliance with glove and gown isolationprecautions. N Engl J Med 1987; 317: 329-334.
- 270)
- Chadwick PR, Beards G, Brown D, et al.: Management of hospital outbreak of gastro-enteritis due to small round structured viruses. J Hosp Infect 2000; 45; 1-10.
- 271)
- Lopman BA, Adak GK, Reacher MH, et al.: Two epidemiologic patterns of Norovirus outbreaks: surveillance in England and Wales, 1992-2000. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9: 71-77.
- 272)
- Rodriguez-Baez N, O’Brien R, Qiu SQ, et al.: Astrovirus, adenovirus, and rotavirusin hospitalized children: prevalence and association with gastroenteritis. J PediatrGastroenterol 2002; 35; 64-68.
- 273)
- CDC: Updated norovirus outbreak management and disease prevention guidelines.MMWR 2011; 60: 1-16.
- 274)
- HICPAC: Guideline for the prevention and control of norovirus gastroenteritisoutbreaks in healthcare settings. 2011: 1-51.
- 275)
- Teunis PF, Moe CL, Liu P, et al.: Norwalk virus: how infectious is it ? J Med Virol2008; 80: 1468-1476.
- 276)
- CDC: 2007 Guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings.
- 277)
- Weber DJ, Rutala WA, Hamilton H: Prevention and control of varicella-zosterinfections in healthcare facilities. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1996; 17: 694-705.
- 278)
- 清水博之: 手足口病. 日本臨床2007; 65: 339-342.
- 280)
- 細矢光亮: 手足口病, ヘルパンギーナ. 小児内科2008; 40: 1178-1183.
- 282)
- Shah VA, Chong CY, Chan KP, et al.: Clinical characteristics of an outbreak of hand, foot and mouth disease in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2003; 32: 381-387.
- 284)
- Chan KP, Goh KT, Chong CY, et al.: Epidemic hand, foot and mouth disease causedby human enterovirus 71, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9: 78-85.
- 285)
- Ho, M, Chen ER, Hsu KH, et al.: An epidemic of enterovirus 71 infection in TaiwanEnterovirus Epidemic Working Group. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 929-935.
- 286)
- Wharton M, Cochi SL, Hutcheson RH, et al.: Mumps transmission in hospitals. ArchIntern Med 1990; 150: 47-49.
- 287)
- CDC: Prevention and control of influenza. Recommendations of the AdvisoryCommittee on Immunization Practices(ACIP), 2007. MMWR 2007; 56(RR-6): 1-54.
- 288)
- Gottsch JD, Froggatt JW 3rd, Smith DM, et al.: Prevention and control of epidemickeratoconjunctivitis in a teaching eye institute. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 1999; 6: 29-39.
- 289)
- Sakaoka H, Saheki Y, Uzuki K, et al.: Two outbreaks of herpes simplex virus type 1nosocomial infection among newborns. J Clin Microbiol 1986; 24: 36-40.
- 290)
- Lampe MF, Ballweber LM, Stamm WE: Susceptibility of Chlamydia trachomatis tochlorhexidine gluconate gel. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42: 1726-1730.
- 291)
- Benevento WJ, Murray P, Reed CA, et al.: The sensitivity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and herpes simplex type Ⅱ to disinfection with povidone-iodine. Am J Ophthalmol 1990; 109: 329-333.
- 292)
- Hughes C, Maharg P, Rosario P, et al.: Possible nosocomial transmission of psittacosis.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1997; 18: 165-168.
- 293)
- CDC: Diagnosis and management of tickborne rickettsial diseases: Rocky Mountainspotted fever, ehrlichioses, and anaplasmosis–United States: a practical guide forphysicians and other health-care and public health professionals. MMWR 2006; 55(RR-4): 1-27.
- 294)
- Lacz NL, Schwartz RA, Kapila R: Rocky Mountain spotted fever. J Eur AcadDermatol Venereol 2006; 20: 411-417.
- 295)
- Buckingham SC, Marshall GS, Schutze GE, et al.: Clinical and laboratory features, hospital course, and outcome of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in children. J Pediatr2007; 150: 180-184.
- 296)
- Meissner C: The effect of disinfectants on Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Z Gesamte Hyg 1977; 23: 404-405.[Article in German]
- 297)
- Lee DH, Miles RJ, Perry BF: The mycoplasmacidal properties of sodiumhypochlorite. J Hyg(Lond) 1985; 95: 243-253.
- 298)
- CDC: Laboratory-acquired human glanders–Maryland, May 2000. MMWR 2000; 49: 532-535.
- 300)
- Dennis DT, Inglesby TV, Henderson DA, et al.: Tularemia as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. JAMA 2001; 285: 2763-2773.
- 301)
- Cheng AC, Currie BJ: Melioidosis: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management.Clin Microbiol Rev 2005; 18: 383-416.
- 302)
- White NJ: Melioidosis. Lancet 2003; 361: 1715-1722.
- 303)
- Sherertz RJ, Bassetti S, Bassetti-Wyss B:“Cloud”health-care workers. Emerg InfectDis 2001; 7: 241-244.
- 304)
- Gehanno JF, Kohen-Couderc L, Lemeland JF, et al.: Nosocomial meningococcemia in aphysician. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1999; 20: 564-565.
- 305)
- 狩野孝之, 大崎幸七, 中野英二, 他: 重症心身障害児・患者病棟で発生した百日咳集団感染についての検討. 感染症学雑誌2001; 75: 916-922.
- 306)
- Bachrach S: An outbreak of Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteraemia in anintermediate care hospital for children. J Hosp Infect 1988; 11: 121-126.
- 307)
- Levett PN: Leptospirosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 2001; 14: 296-326.
- 308)
- 大久保暢夫: 梅毒トレポネーマおよびリン菌に対する陽性せっけんの殺菌効果について. 基礎と臨床1982; 16: 6181-6183.
- 309)
- 吉田幸雄著. 医動物学, 第3版. 南山堂, 東京, 1998.
- 310)
- PHLS: A case of hospital-acquired malaria. CDR Weekly 2002; 12(8).
- 311)
- CDC: Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria-Missouri and Pennsylvania, 1996-1998. MMWR 1999; 48: 253-256.
- 312)
- 神谷晃, 尾家重治: 各種微生物に対する消毒剤の選び方. その1. 細菌.消毒剤の選び方と使用上の留意点, 改訂版. 薬事日報社, 東京, 1998; 51-64.
- 313)
- 山本徳栄, 浦辺研一, 高岡正敏, 他: 埼玉県で発生した水道水汚染によるクリプトスポリジウム症の集団発生に関する疫学的調査. 感染症学雑誌2000; 74: 518-526.
- 314)
- Koch KL, Phillips DJ, Aber RC, et al.: Cryptosporidiosis in hospital personnel.Evidence for person-to-person transmission. Ann Intern Med 1985; 102: 593-596.
- 315)
- Wilson JA, Margolin AB: The efficacy of three common hospital liquid germicides to inactivate Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. J Hosp Infect 1999; 42: 231-237.
- 316)
- Barbee SL, Weber DJ, Sobsey MD, et al.: Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts infectivity by disinfection and sterilization processes. Gastrointest Endosc1999; 49: 605-611.
- 320)
- 増田道明: NDM-1. 感染と消毒2011; 18: 89-93.
- 321)
- Chihara S, Okuzumi K, Yamamoto Y, et al.: First case of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1-producing Escherichia coli infection in Japan. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 52: 153-154.









